miércoles, 29 de julio de 2009

What do you want to be?






















What do you want to be

SOFIA:


Hi, I am Sofia and I am 18 years old.I wasborn and live in Italy.I’m going t olive in Panama with my parents because of my father’s work. I’m going to finish my high school in an italian school but I want to learn spanish because I want to be an agronomist and I would study in an University there,in Panama therefore, I would like to meet new friends. People from Panama are sociable like Italian people.
KAREN


My name is Karen . I am 21 and I am Radish’s wife. My mother is Chilean and my father is English.My brother and I speak English and Spanish.
London is a great place to be for me because I’m going to be and architect and,here in London , there are many well-paid jobs and lots of interesting buidings and castles around that help me to be creative.


Complete these sentences with the correct name:
a. __________________ doesn’t study
b. _____________ thinks the city helps her to be creative.
c. ____________ doesn’t have got a creative.
d. ___________ doesn’t speak Spanish.
e. ____________ is younger tan _____________ and ___________
f. ______________ is a city with well-paid jobs.

Read the sentences and tick true or false

a. Sophia is in High School ______
b. Karen is an architect and she is buiding an interesting castle. _____
c. Rashid can speak more languages tan Karen and Sofia ______
d. Karen’s parents were born in different countries_____
e. Rashis would like to work in another country because he has a badly –paid job ___

Synonyms


1.Before ___heat up
2.Crash ___break up
3.Do ___throw out
4.Expel ____perform, execute
5.Fry ____earlier
6.Gray _____grey

hola hoy voy a ponerles unos ejemplos de sinonimos y antonimos...

por ejemplo:







ignore; (ignorar) sinonimo: disregard,overlook,slight,omit,reject,
antonimo:notice,regard,heed,acknowledge,
recognize, accept.

ill (enfermo) sinonimo; sick,unwell,complaining.
antonimo; well, fine,healthy.

hot: (caliente) sinonimo; burning,flaming,heated.
antonimo: cool,cold, freezing.

bueno ahora las invito a que Usted(s) escriban diez mas en inglés
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martes, 28 de julio de 2009

phrasal verbs

1. organize each phrasal in a square with the following columns: number, phrasal verb, translationverbs .
2. copy 20sentences using the following phrasal verbs


Phrasal verbs
(to) eat away: roer, carcomer, corroer, desgastar. (to) eat into: corroer, comerse. (to) eat out: comer fuera, cenar fuera. (to) eat up: comerse, consumir, tragar, devorar. (to) egg on: animar, incitar. (to) end in: acabar en, terminar con. (to) end off: acabar, terminar, ir a parar. (to) face up to: afrontar, enfrentar, enfrentarse a. (to) fall about: troncharse, partirse (de risa). (to) fall apart: romperse, deshacerse, caerse a pedazos. (to) fall away: disminuir/desaparecer/desprenderse. (to) fall back: retroceder, retirarse. (to) fall back on to: recurrir a, echar mano de, apoyarse en. (to) fall behind: retrasarse, quedarse atrás, rezagarse. (to) fall behind with: retrasarse. (to) fall down: caer, caerse/ hundirse, derrumbarse, venirse abajo/fallar/ dejarse engañar por, picar. (to) fall in love: enamorarse de. (to) fall in: desplomarse, venirse abajo/ alinearse, formar filas, ponerse en filas. (to) fall in with: encontrarse con, juntarse con/convenir en, aprobar, aceptar (to) fall into: dividirse en, clasificarse en/ adquirir. (to) fall off: bajar, disminuir/ empeorar/ desprenderse, caerse. (to) fall on: incidir en, recaer en, tocar a/atacar, caer sobre. (to) fall out: reñir/ pelearse /romper filas/ caerse. (to) fall over: caer, tropezar con/ caerse (to) fall through: fracasar, quedar en nada. (to) fall to: empezar a, ponerse a/ corresponder a, incumbir a, tocar a. (to) fall under: clasificarse en, estar incluido,-a en. (to) feel for: compadecer a, compadecerse de. (to) feel up to: sentirse con ánimos para, sentirse con fuerzas para. (to) figure on: contar con, esperar. (to) figure out: comprender, explicarse/ resolver, calcular. (to) fill in: rellenar/poner al corriente. (to) fill in for: sustituir a. (to) fill out: engordar/rellenar. (to) fill up: llenar/ llenarse. (to) find out: preguntar, averiguar/ enterarse de/ calar, pillar, descubrir el juego/ informarse/ enterarse (to) get about: moverse, desplazarse, salir/ viajar/ difundirse. (to) get across: cruzar/ atravesar/ hacer comprender, hacer entender/ hacerse entender. (to) get ahead: adelantar, progresar. (to) get along: arreglárselas, apañárselas/ marcharse, irse. (to) get along with: llevarse (bien) con/ marchar, ir con. (to) get around: moverse, desplazarse/ viajar/ difundirse/ evitar, sortear. (to) get around to: encontrar tiempo para. (to) get at: alcanzar, llegar a/ insinuar/ criticar/ meterse con. (to) get away: escaparse, irse/ alejar, quitar, sacar. (to) get away with: salir impune de. (to) get back: volver, regresar/ moverse hacia atrás, retroceder/ recuperar. (to) get behind: atrasarse. (to) get by: arreglárselas/ pasar. (to) get down: deprimir, desanimar/bajar/ apuntar, anotar/tragar/bajarse. (to) get down to: ponerse a. (to) get in: llegar/entrar/subir/ser elegido,-a/ meter/recoger, cosechar/ recoger/comprar/llamar. (to) get into: llegar a, entrar en/ subir a. (to) get off: quitarse/ bajarse de/ bajarse/ salir/ comenzar/ escaparse. (to) get off with: ligar. (to) get on: subir a, subirse a, montar a/progresar, avanzar, ir/tener éxito/ llevarse bien, avenirse, entenderse/ seguir, continuar/ hacerse mayor, envejecerse. (to) get on for: ser casi. (to) get on to: ponerse en contacto con, localizar/ empezar a hablar de, pasar a. (to) get out: sacar/quitar/salir/bajar de, bajarse de/escapar(se)/llegar a saberse, hacerse público,-a. (to) get out of: librarse de/ dejar, perder la costumbre. (to) get over: recuperarse de/ sobreponerse a/ salvar/ vencer/ comunicar, hacer comprender. (to) get over with: acabar con. (to) get round: salvar/ evitar, soslayar/ convencer, persuader/ difundirse, hacerse público,-a, llegar a saber. (to) get round to: encontrar tiempo para. (to) get through: llegar/ conseguir hablar ((to, con))/ hacerse comprender ((to, a))/ acabar, terminar/ consumir/gastar/ beber/aprobar. (to) get together: reunirse, juntarse/juntar, reunir/ montar/ recoger, reunir. (to) get up: levantarse/ subir/ levantarse/despertar/ disfrazarse. (to) get up to: hacer/ llegar a (to) give away: distribuir, repartir/regular/entregar/delatar, traicionar/revelar, descubrir. (to) give back: devolver. (to) give in: darse por vencido,-a, rendirse/ceder/entregar. (to) give in to: ceder ante. (to) give off: despedir, desprender, emitir. (to) give onto: dar a. (to) give out: distribuir, repartir/ anunciar/ acabarse, agotarse/ averiarse, sufrir una avería. (to) give over: entregar/ dedicar, asignar/ dejar de. (to) give up: dejar/ abandonar, renunciar a /ceder, renunciar/entregarse/ darse por vencido,-a, rendirse. (to) give up on: abandonar, desistir. (to) go about: emprender, hacer/ continuar. (to) go after: perseguir, andar tras. (to) go against: ir en contra de/ser desfavorable a. (to) go ahead: proceder. (to) go ahead with: proceder. (to) go along: pasar por/ progresar, ir/ ir. (to) go along with: estar de acuerdo con. (to) go around: bastar, ser suficiente, haber/ correr, circular/ ir, andar/ salir ((with, con))/ andar ((with, con))/ girar, dar vueltas/ recorrer. (to) go away: marcharse. (to) go back: volver, regresar/datar de/ remontarse a. (to) go back on: romper, no cumplir. (to) go by: pasar/ atenerse a, seguir/ dejarse llevar por/ juzgar por. (to) go down: bajar/ deshincharse/ ponerse/ hundirse/ ser acogido,-a. (to) go down with: coger, pillar. (to) go for: atacar/ ir a buscar/ gustar/ valer para. (to) go in: entrar. (to) go in for: participar en, tomar parte en/ presentarse a/ dedicarse a/ ser partidario,-a de. (to) go into: entrar en/ investigar/ chocar contra. (to) go off: marcharse/ estallar/ sonar/ dispararse/ estropearse, pasarse/ cortarse/ apagarse/ perder el gusto por, perder el interés por. (to) go off with: escaparse con. (to) go on: seguir, continuar/ pasar, ocurrir/ quejarse/ hablar sin parar/ encenderse/ estar a punto de cumplir. (to) go out: salir/ apagarse. (to) go over: revisar, repasar. (to) go over to: pasarse a/ cambiar a, pasar a. (to) go round: dar vueltas, girar/ pasar por casa de, visitar. (to) go through: pasar por, sufrir, padecer/ examiner/ registrar/ gastar/ explicar/ ser aprobado,-a. (to) go through with: llevar a cabo. (to) go towards: destinar a, reservar para. (to) go under: hundirse/ fracasar. (to) go up: subir/ acercarse/ levantarse/ estallar/ to go up in flames, incendiarse. (to) go with: acompañar/ ir con, estar incluido,-a/ hacer juego con. (to) go without: pasar sin, prescindir de. (to) grow apart: distanciarse. (to) grow away from: distanciarse de. (to) grow into: convertirse en, hacerse. (to) grow on: llegar a gustar. (to) grow out of: perder, quitarse/ quedarle pequeño,-a a. (to) grow up: hacerse mayor/ criarse, crecer/ surgir, nacer, desarrollarse. (to) hand around: repartir, ofrecer, pasar. (to) hand back: devolver. (to) hand down: transmitir/ pasar/ dejar en herencia. (to) hand in: entregar/ presentar, notificar. (to) hand on: transmitir, heredar: (give) pasar, dar. (to) hand out: repartir, distribuir/ dar/ aplicar. (to) hand over: entregar/ ceder. (to) hang about / hang around: esperar/ perder el tiempo/ frecuentar. (to) hang back: quedarse atrás/ vacilar. (to) hang down: colgar, caer. (to) hang on: agarrarse/ esperar. (to) hang out: tender/ soler estar. (to) hang up: colgar/ colgar. (to) have on: llevar puesto,-a/ tomar el pelo a. (to) have out: sacarse/ operarse de. (to) hold back: retener/ ocultar/ contener/ reprimir/ guarder/ vacilar, no atreverse/ abstenerse. (to) hold down: dominar/ desempeñar. (to) hold forth: hablar largo y tendido ((on/about, sobre)). (to) hold off: mantener alejado,-a/ refrenarse. (to) hold on: agarrarse fuerte, agarrarse bien/ esperar/ no colgar. (to) hold on to: cogerse a, agarrarse a/ guardar. (to) hold out: tender, ofrecer/ durar/ resistir. (to) hold over: aplazar. (to) hold up: atracar, as altar/ retrasar/ levanter/ aguantar, sostener/ aguantar, resistir. (to) hold with: estar de acuerdo con. (to) iron out: planchar/ resolver, solucionar. (to) jack in: dejar, colgar. (to) jack off: meneársela/ masturbar. (to) jack up: levantar con gato/ subir. (to) jump at: aceptar sin pensarlo. (to) keep at: perseverar en algo/ no dejar en paz, machacar. (to) keep away: mantener a distancia ((from, de)), no dejar a uno acercarse ((from, a))/ mantenerse a distancia, evitar contacto con. (to) keep back: retener, guardar/ ocultar, no revelar/ contener/ tener a raya/ estorbar, impedir/ mantener atrás, contener/ mantenerse atrás, alejarse. (to) keep down: oprimir, sujetar/ mantener bajo/ limitar, controlar/ mantener en el estómago/ agacharse, no levantar la cabeza. (to) keep from: abstenerse de, guardarse de. (to) keep in: no dejar salir/ hacer quedar/ contener/ costear, pagar. (to) keep in with: mantener buenas relaciones con. (to) keep off: mantenerse a distancia/ no llover/ no dejar entrar, no dejar acercarse/ no tocar, no hablar de. (to) keep on: seguir, continuar/ no quitarse. (to) keep on about: insistir en, no parar de hablar de. (to) keep out: no dejar entrar, no dejar pasar/ no entrar. (to) keep out of: no entrar en/ no meterse en. (to) keep to: atenerse a, cumplir/ no dejar, no salir de. (to) keep together: mantenerse juntos,-as, no separarse. (to) keep under: tener subyugado. (to) keep up: mantener, seguir/ mantener despierto,-a, tener en vela/ aguantar el ritmo/ mantenerse al día. (to) keep up with: seguir/ mantenerse al corriente de/ mantener el contacto con. (to) kick against something: protestar contra, reaccionar contra. (to) kick around: andar por ahí/ dar vueltas a. (to) kick in: romper a patadas. (to) kick off: sacar, hacer el saque inicial/ empezar, comenzar/ empezar, comenzar, iniciar/ quitarse. (to) kick out: echar a uno. (to) knock about: rodar, recorrer/ andar con/ pegar, maltratar: (to) knock around: to knock about. (to) knock back: beberse de un trago, rápidamente o en grandes cantidades/ soplar, costar. (to) knock down: derribar/ atropellar/ derribar/ rebajar/ adjudicar ((to, a)). (to) knock off: tirar, hacer caer/ birlar, mangar, chorizar, afanar/ cargarse, liquidar/ descontar/ quitar/ acabar, salir del trabajo. (to) knock out: dejar sin conocimiento/ dejar dormido,-a/ poner fuera de combate, dejar K.O./ eliminar/ hacer rápidamente, producir rápidamente/ dejar pasmado,-a, dejar boquiabierto,-a: (to) knock over: volcar, tirar/ atropellar. (to) knock together: hacer de prisa, hacer rápidamente/ entrechocarse. (to) knock up: despertar, llamar/ hacer de prisa, preparar/ dejar embarazada/ pelotear. (to) lay about: agredir. (to) lay aside: dejar a un lado/ dejar de lado. (to) lay before: presentar. (to) lay by: guarder/ ahorrar. (to) lay down: dejar, soltar/ entregar/ imponer, fijar/ sentar/ guardar. (to) lay in: proveerse de. (to) lay into: atacar. (to) lay off: despedir/ dejar en paz, dejar de molestar/ parar. (to) lay on: facilitar, suministrar/ cargar. (to) lay out: tender, extender/ disponer, colocar/ presentar, exponer/ hacer el trazado de/ diseñar/ dejar fuera de combate/ desembolsar. (to) lay over: hacer una parada ((at/in, en)): (plane) hacer escala ((at/in, en)). (to) lay up: almacenar. (to) leave off: dejar de/ acabar, terminar. (to) leave out: omitir, excluir/ excluir. (to) let down: bajar/ alargar/ desinflar/ fallar, defraudar. (to) let in: dejar entrar. (to) let into: dejar entrar / incrustar en/ revelar. (to) let off: dejar/ hacer explotar/ hacer estallar/ perdonar/ dejar marcharse/ dejar en libertad. (to) let on: decir, descubrir/ hacer ver. (to) let out: dejar salir/ soltar ((from, de))/ soltar: he let out a shriek of pain, soltó un grito de dolor/ ensanchar/ divulgar, hacer público,-a/ alquilar. (to) let through: dejar pasar. (to) let up: parar. (to) let up on: dejar en paz. (to) look after: ocuparse de, atender a/ cuidar (de). (to) look ahead: mirar hacia adelante. (to) look at: mirar, considerer/ mirar. (to) look back: mirar atrás. (to) look down on: despreciar. (to) look for: buscar. (to) look forward to: esperar (con ansia). (to) look in on: pasar (un momento) por. (to) look into: investigar. (to) look on: considerer/observar. (to) look like: parecerse a. (to) look onto: dar a. (to) look out: ir con cuidado, buscarse. (to) look out for: esperar, estar al tanto. (to) look over: mirar por encima. (to) look round: volver la cabeza/ mirar/ mirar/ visitar. (to) look through: revisar/ ojear. (to) look to: contar con/ centrarse en. (to) look up: mejorar/ consultar, buscar/ ir a ver. (to) look up to: respetar. (to) make after: seguir a, perseguir a. (to) make for: dirigirse hacia/ abalanzarse sobre/ contribuir a, crear, conducir a. (to) make into: convertir en, transformar en. (to) make of: pensar, opinar, parecer/ entender/ dar importancia a. (to) make off: escaparse, largarse, huir. (to) make off with / make away with: llevarse, escaparse con. (to) make out: hacer/ extender, hacer/ redactor/ distinguir, divisar/ descifrar/ entender, comprender/ pretender, hacerse pasar por/ arreglárselas, apañárselas/ darse el lote, pegarse el lote. (to) make over: ceder, transferir, traspasar/convertir, transformar. (to) make up: inventar/hacer/ montar/ preparer/ componer/ confeccionar, hacer/ completer/ componer, formar, integrar/ representar/ maquillar/ compensar/ cubrir/ suplir/ recuperar/ maquillarse, pintarse/ hacer las paces, reconciliarse. (to) make up for: compensar. (to) make up to: halagar a/ congraciarse con/ recompensar, pagar. (to) make with: dar, traer. (to) mark down: rebajar el precio de/ bajar la nota de/ apuntar. (to) mark off: separar, dividir, distinguir/ delimiter/ tachar. (to) mark out: marcar, delimiter/ marcar, trazar/ señalar, seleccionar. (to) mark up: subir (el precio de), aumentar (el precio de)/ subir la nota de. (to) mix up: mezclar bien/ preparar/ confundir/ desordenar, revolver, mezclar. (to) nod off: dormirse, dar cabezadas. (to) pan out: salir, resultar. (to) pass away: pasar a mejor vida. (to) pass by: pasar/ pasar de largo. (to) pass down: pasar/ transmitir. (to) pass for: pasar por. (to) pass off: pasar, transcurrir/ parar/ pasarse/ hacer pasar ((as, por)). (to) pass on: pasar, dar/ contagiar/ pasar a mejor vida/ pasar ((to, a)). (to) pass out: desmayarse, perder el conocimiento/ graduarse/ repartir. (to) pass over: pasar por alto, dejar de lado, olvidar/ atravesar, cruzar. (to) pass through: estar de paso/ pasar por, atravesar. (to) pass up: dejar pasar, dejar escapar, desperdiciar/ rechazar. (to) pick at: tocar/ comer sin ganas. (to) pick off: matar uno a uno. (to) pick on: meterse con/ elegir, escoger. (to) pick out: elegir, escoger/ distinguir/ reconocer/ tocar de oído. (to) pick up: levantar/ recoger/ coger/ coger/ descolgar/ aprender/ adquirir, coger/ descubrir, enterarse de/ pescar, pillar/ conseguir, encontrar/ recoger, pasar a buscar/ coger/ recoger/ ligar con, ligarse/ detener/ captar, recibir/ reanudar/ reprender ((for, por))/ corregir/ darse cuenta de/ mejorar/ subir/ seguir, continuar. (to) pick up on: hacer reseña de/ volver a/ señalar. (to) pitch forward: caer de bruces, caer de cabeza. (to) pitch in: empezar/empezar a comer/ cooperar/ contribuir. (to) pitch into: emprender enérgicamente algo/ atacar, arremeter contra, poner como un trapo. (to) pitch off: quitar de encima, sacudir/ caer. (to) pitch out: tirar/ echar, expulsar, poner de patitas en la calle. (to) pitch over: tirar/ volcarse. (to) pitch (up) on: elegir, escoger/ encontrar, dar con. (to) pull about: manosear, estropear. (to) pull along: arrastrar/arrastrarse. (to) pull apart: romper, partir en dos/ desmontar/ criticar duramente/ separar, despegar, desunir. (to) pull away: arrancar/ quitar arrancando/ adelantarse/ seguir remando, tirar enérgicamente de los remos/ apartarse bruscamente de uno. (to) pull back: retirar/ retener, tirar hacia atrás/ tirar hacia sí, descorrer/ remontar un gol/retirar/ contenerse/ rajarse. (to) pull down: bajar, tirar hacia abajo, rebajar, hacer caer, tumbar/ derribar, demoler, derribar/ debilitar/ ganar. (to) pull in: tirar hacia sí/ recoger/ cobrar/ detener/ enfrenar/ ganar/ atraer/ parar/ llegar a la estación/ apretarse el cinturón. (to) pull off: arrancar, separar/ quitar de un tirón/quitarse de prisa/ llevar a cabo/ cerrar/ concluir con éxito algo/ ganar/ lograrlo/ llevarlo a cabo/ vencer./ salir. (to) pull on: ponerse (de prisa)/ tirar de. (to) pull out: sacar, extraer/ tirar hacia fuera/ tirar a uno de un hoyo a estirones/ sacar a uno de un río/ estirar, extender/ retirar/ irse, marcharse/ retirarse/ salirse/ salir (de la estación)/ sale fácilmente. (to) pull over: acercar tirando/ derribar, volcar/ hacerse a un lado, desviarse hacia un lado. (to) pull round: ayudar a uno a reponerse/ reponerse. (to) pull through: sacar a uno de un apuro o de una enfermedad/ salir de un apuro/ reponerse, recobrar la salud. (to) pull together: reorganizar un escrito, recuperar/ trabajar con un espíritu común, trabajar con espíritu de equipo/ sobreponerse, serenarse, recuperar la calma, animarse. (to) pull up: alzar, levantar, tirar hacia arriba/ alzar/ acercar/ arrancar, dessarraigar/ fortalecer/ parar, refrenar/ reprender/ pararse, detenerse/ pararse/ contenerse/ interrumpirse/ mejorar/ mejorar su posición. (to) put about, (to put around: diseminar, hacer correr/ dar a entender que..., hacer creer que..., hacer correr el rumor de que.../ hacer virar/ virar, cambiar de bordada,. (to) put across: comunicar/ hacer entender/ hacer aceptar/ presentar/ cerrar/ engañar a uno, embaucar a uno/ dar una paliza a uno/ impresionar con su personalidad/ presentarse de manera eficaz/ comunicar eficazmente lo que uno quiere decir. (to) put apart: separar a alguien de otras personas. (to) put aside: rechazar, desechar, dejar, poner a un lado/ dejar de lado, poner a parte/ guardar, poner aparte, ahorrar/ devolver a su lugar/ poner en el garaje/ envainar/ guardar/ desechar/ descartar, repudiar/ encarcelar, recluir en un manicomio/ alojar/ zamparse. (to) put back: devolver a su lugar/ restituir, volver a poner/ guardar/ volver/ restituir/ dejar/ retrasar/ aplazar/ beberse/ volver a puerto. (to) put by: ahorrar, tener dinero ahorrado= (to) put away. (to) put down: poner en tierra/ poner en el suelo/ depositar/ bajar/ soltar/ dejar/ dejar apearse/ déjalo/ suéltalo/ poner en tierra/ cerrar/ pagar como desembolso inicial/ poner en cava/ suprimir/ sofocar/ dominar/ hacer callar/ dejar sin réplica posible, humillar/ apuntar, poner por escrito/ degradar, pasar a una división inferior/ atribuir/ considerar/ sacrificar. (to) put forth: alargar/ tender/ extender/ echar/ emplear, desplegar. (to) put forward: nombrar, presentar, proponer/ hacer/ presentar, proponer, exponer/adelantar/ ofrecerse con poca modestia, ponerse en evidencia, llamar la atención sobre sí. (to) put in: meter, introducir/ insertar/ interponer/ presentar, aducir/ votar a, elegir/ dedicar, instalar, conectar/ plantar, sembrar/ entrar a puerto, hacer escala en un puerto/ presentarse a un puesto, solicitar un puesto. (to) put off: aplazar, postponer, dejar para después/ disuadir/ desconcertar/ desanimar/ dejar/ quitarse/ apagar/ hacerse a la mar/ salir. (to) put on: ponerse/ aplicar/ acelerar, cobrar velocidad/ asumir/ poner/ representar, poner en escena/ poner/ encender/ aplicar/ echar/ poner a calentar/ adelantar/ dar el nombre, sugerir un nombre, tomar el pelo a . (to) put out: sacar, poner fuera, mandar a pasearse, echar, expulsar, poner en la calle/ desahuciar/ tender la ropa, poner la ropa a secar/ echar al mar/ alargar, tender/ sacar, extender/ asomar, sacar/ echar/ ordenar, disponer, desplegar/ apagar, sofocar/ desconcertar/ enojar, irritar/ incomodar/ dislocarse/ publicar/ sacar a la luz/ hacer/ diseminar/ hacer correr/ , poner el dinero a interés/ hacerse a la mar/ salir de/ tomarse la molestia, molestarse. (to) put over= (to) put across. (to) put one over on sb.= ganar por la mano a uno, engañar a uno, dar a uno gato por liebre. (to) put through: cerrar/ despachar/ hacer aprobar/ poner una llamada/ someter a uno a una prueba. (to) put together: poner juntos, juntar, reunir/ sumar/ añadir/ montar, armar/ juntar, reunir, formar/ confeccionar/ jugar realmente bien. (to) put up: alzar, levantar, poner en alto, levantar, abrir, alzar/ montar, poner/ izar/ colgar/ pegar, fijar, poner/ envainar/ construir/ aumentar, subir/ ofrecer/ presentar/ hacer/ oponer/ nombrar, proponer/ poner una cosa en venta/ dar, poner/ preparar, hacer/ hospedar, alojar/ incitar/ levantar/ presentar/ ofrecerse. (to) put up with: aguantar, resignarse a, conformarse con. (to) put upon: molestar a uno, incomodar a uno, pedirle mucho a uno, abusar de la amabilidad de uno. (to) ride about, (to) ride around: pasearse a caballo, en coche, en bicicleta. (to) ride away: alejarse, irse, partir. (to) ride back: volver a caballo, en bicicleta, etc. (to) ride on: depender de. (to) ride out: aguantar hasta el final de. (to) rip off: arrancar/ timar. (to) rip up: romper, hacer pedazos. (to) round down: redondear (a la baja). (to) round off: completar, acabar. (to) round on: volverse contra. (to) round up: redondear (al alza)/ acorralar/ reunir, juntar. (to) run across: cruzar corriendo/ encontrar, tropezar con. (to) run after: perseguir. (to) run along: irse. (to) run away: irse corriendo, escaparse. (to) run away with: escaparse con/ no te vayas a creer que/ te dejas llevar por. (to) run down: atropellar/ criticar/ agotar/ bajar corriendo/ agotarse/ pararse. (to) run in: rodar/ detener/ entrar corriendo. (to) run into: entrar corriendo en/ chocar con/ tropezar con. (to) run off: imprimir/ irse corriendo. (to) run off with: escaparse con, llevarse. (to) run out: salir corriendo/ acabarse/ agotarse/ caducar. (to) run over: atropellar/ rebosar/ derramar. (to) run through: ensayar/ repasar/ echar un vistazo a. (to) run up: subir corriendo/ acumular/ izar/ subir corriendo. (to) set about: empezar a, ponerse a/ atacar, agredir. (to) set against: enemistar con, poner en contra de/ contraponer, sopesar, comparar con/ desgravar. (to) set apart: distinguir ((from, de)), hacer diferente ((from, de)). (to) set aside: guardar, ahorrar/ dejar/ reservar/ dejar de lado/ anular. (to) set back: apartar, retirar/ retrasar, atrasar/ costar. (to) set down: poner por escrito, escribir/ dejar/ establecer, fijar. (to) set forth: emprender marcha, partir. (to) set in: empezar, comenzar/ surgir/ declararse. (to) set off: salir, ponerse en camino/ hacer estallar, hacer explotar/ hacer sonar/ lanzar, tirar/ hacer empezar, provocar, desencadenar/ hacer resaltar, realzar. (to) set on: echar/ atacar, agredir. (to) set out: partir, salir ((for, para))/ proponerse ((to, -)), tener la intención de, querer/ disponer, exponer/ exponer. (to) set to: ponerse a, empezar a. (to) set up: levantar, erigir/ colocar/ montar/ montar, armar/ poner, server/ montar, poner/ fundar/ abrir/ crear/ proveer de/ ayudar a reponerse/ tender una trampa a/ establecerse ((as, como))/ pretender ser/ establecerse ((as, como)). (to) slip away: pasar, irse/ irse. (to) slip by: pasar, transcurrir. (to) slip into: ponerse. (to) slip off: quitarse. (to) slip on: ponerse. (to) slip out: escaparse. (to) slip out of: quitarse. (to) slip up: equivocarse, cometer un error/ cometer un desliz, meter la pata. (to) stand aside: apartarse, quitarse de en medio/ no tomar parte, mantenerse al margen. (to) stand back: apartarse, echarse hacia atrás, alejarse/ distanciarse ((from, de)). (to) stand by: cruzarse de brazos, quedarse sin hacer nada/ estar preparado,-a, estar listo,-a/ estar en estado de alerta/ no abandonar, respaldar, apoyar, defender/ atenerse a/ cumplir. (to) stand down: retirarse/ dimitir/ retirarse, abandonar el estrado. (to) stand for: significar, querer decir/ representar/ defender, apoyar, ser partidario,-a de/ tolerar, permitir, consentir. (to) stand in for: sustituir, suplir. (to) stand out: destacar, sobresalir/ destacarse, sobresalir/ oponerse ((against, a)). (to) stand over: vigilar a, velar a. (to) stand to: estar en estado de alerta/ poner en estado de alerta. (to) stand up: ponerse de pie, levantarse/ estar de pie/ ponte derecho/ resistir ((to, -)), soportar ((to, -))/ poner en posición vertical/ dejar plantado,-a a, dar un plantón a. (to) stand up for: defender: (support) apoyar. (to) stand up to: hacer frente a, resistir a. (to) show off: fardar, fanfarronear, presumir, lucirse/ hacerse el/la gracioso,-a/ hacer resaltar, realzar/ hacer alarde de, presumir de, fardar con, lucirse con. (to) show up: hacer resaltar, hacer destacar/ revelar, sacar a la luz, poner de manifiesto/ dejar en ridículo, poner en evidencia/ notarse, verse/ acudir, presentarse, aparecer. (to) stand aside: apartarse, quitarse de en medio/ no tomar parte, mantenerse al margen. (to) stand back: apartarse, echarse hacia atrás, alejarse/ distanciarse ((from, de)). (to) stand by: cruzarse de brazos, quedarse sin hacer nada/ estar preparado,-a, estar listo,-a/ estar en estado de alerta/ no abandonar, respaldar, apoyar, defender/ atenerse a/ cumplir. (to) stand down: retirarse/ dimitir/ retirarse, abandonar el estrado. (to) stand for: significar, querer decir/ representar/ defender, apoyar, ser partidario,-a de/ tolerar, permitir, consentir. (to) stand in for: sustituir, suplir. (to) stand out: destacar, sobresalir/ destacarse, sobresalir/ oponerse ((against, a)). (to) stand over: vigilar a, velar a. (to) stand to: estar en estado de alerta/ poner en estado de alerta. (to) stand up: ponerse de pie, levantarse/ estar de pie/ resistir ((to, -)), soportar ((to, -))/ poner en posición vertical/ dejar plantado,-a a, dar un plantón a. (to) stand up for: defender/ apoyar. (to) stand up to: hacer frente a, resistir a. (to) take after: parecerse a. (to) take apart: desmontar, deshacer/ echar por tierra. (to) take aside: llevar a un lado. (to) take away: llevarse, quitar/ restar/ llevar. (to) take back: recibir otra vez, aceptar algo devuelto/ readmitir/ devolver/ retirar, retractar/ hacer recordar. (to) take down: quitar, bajar/ desmontar/ apuntar/ humillar. (to) take for: tomar por. (to) take in: dar cobijo a, alojar, recoger/ engañar/ asimilar, entender, captar/ incluir, abarcar/ meterle a, estrechar. (to) take off: quitarse/ quitar, sacar/ llevar/ tomarse/ imitar/ descontar, rebajar/ despegar/ irse, marcharse/ hacerse popular, tener éxito, ponerse de moda. (to) take on: hacerse cargo de, encargarse de, aceptar/ asumir/ contratar, coger/ desafiar, enfrentarse con/ asumir, tomar, adquirir/ agitarse, ponerse nervioso,-a. (to) take out: sacar, quitar/ invitar a salir/ llevar de paseo/ hacerse, sacar/ obtener/ llevar comida a casa/ eliminar. (to) take out on: tomarla con, desquitarse con, descargarse. (to) take over: tomar (posesión de), apoderarse de/ ocupar/ absorber, adquirir/ hacerse cargo de/ asumir/ tomar el poder, hacerse con el poder/ entrar en funciones, relevar/ repasar/ enseñar, mostrar. (to) take over from: relevar, sustituir. (to) take to: tomar cariño a/ darse a/ empezar a, aficionarse a. (to) take up: ocupar/ llevar, subir/ quitar, levantar/ ocupar/ ocupar, llevar/ continuar, reanudar/ aceptar/ dedicarse a/ volver a/ acortar. (to) take upon: encargarse de. (to) take up on: hacer puntualizaciones sobre/ aceptar (una oferta). (to) take up with: empezar a salir con, entrar en relaciones con/ hablar de. (to) tell against: obrar en contra de. (to) tell apart: distinguir. (to) tell off: regañar, reñir/ destacar. (to) tell on: chivarse de. (to) tick away: transcurrir. (to) tick off: marcar, señalar/ regañar, reñir/ fastidiar, dar rabia. (to) tick over: marchar al ralentí, estar en marcha/ ir tirando. (to) throw about: derrochar. (to) throw away: tirar/ desaprovechar, perder/ malgastar, derrochar/ lanzar al aire. (to) throw back: devolver/ echar atrás. (to) throw back on: obligar a recurrir a. (to) throw in: incluir gratis/ sacar de banda. (to) throw off: deshacerse de, librarse de/ despistar/quitarse. (to) throw on: ponerse. (to) throw out: echar, expulsar/ rechazar/ tirar, tirar a la basura/ juntar de prisa/ improvisar/ juntar. (to) throw up: vomitar, devolver/ abandonar, renunciar a/ arrojar, dar, aportar/ revelar, poner en evidencia/ vomitar, devolver. (to) try for: tratar de obtener. (to) try on: probarse. (to) try out: probar, ensayar. (to) turn against: poner en contra/ ponerse en contra de. (to) turn around / turn round: volverse, darse la vuelta/ volver, darle la vuelta a. (to) turn away: no dejar entrar/ volver la cabeza, volver la espalda. (to) turn back: hacer retroceder, hacer volver/ retrasar/ volverse atrás. (to) turn down: rechazar, no aceptar/ denegar/ bajar/ doblar. (to) turn in: entregar a la policía/ acostarse. (to) turn off: desconectar/ apagar/ cerrar/ repugnar, dar asco a/ salir de/ apagarse/ salir. (to) turn on: conectar/ encender/ abrir/ poner en marcha, encender/ atacar, arremeter contra/ apuntar, dirigir/ excitar, entusiasmar/ depender de, girar en torno a/ encenderse. (to) turn out: apagar/ producir, fabricar/ vaciar/ desmoldar/ expulsar, echar/ salir, resultar/ salir/ asistir, acudir/ salir a la calle. (to) turn over: dar la vuelta a, volver, poner al revés/ dar vueltas a/ entregar/ volver/ facturar, hacer/ darse la vuelta/ volcar/ marchar en vacío, funcionar. (to) turn to: acudir a, recorrer a, recurrir a/ buscar, pasar a/ pasar a/ dedicarse a, recurrir a, darse a, empezar. (to) turn up: llegar, presentarse/ aparecer/ doblar hacia arriba, levantar/ acortar/ subir, poner más fuerte/ descubrir, encontrar. (to) wait about, (to) wait around: esperar, perder el tiempo. (to) wait behind: quedarse, quedarse para esperar a uno. (to) wait in: estar en casa esperando a uno. (to) wait on, (to) wait upon: servir a uno, desvivirse por mimar a uno. (to) wait out: quedarse hasta el final de, esperar más que uno. (to) wait up: velar, no acostarse, seguir sin acostarse. (to) wait upon: cumplimentar a uno, presentar sus respetos a uno. (to) walk about: pasearse, ir y venir. (to) walk across: cruzar. (to) walk around: dar una vuelta, pasearse. (to) walk away: irse, alejarse, negarse a, evadirse de. (to) walk away with: llevarse, copar, largarse con, robar. (to) walk back: volver a pie, regresar andando. (to) walk down: bajar a pie. (to) walk in: entrar, entrar sin llamar/ interrumpir a alguien. (to) walk into: entrar/ caer en una trampa/ ser embaucado/ chocar con/ dar con o contra/ topar/ tropezar con o contra/ devorar, zampar/ atacar a uno, arremeter a uno/ conseguir fácilmente un puesto. (to) walk off: quitarse un dolor de encima dando un paseo/ dar una vuelta para quitarse un dolor/ bajar la comida dando un paseo. (to) walk on: seguir andando o caminando/ salir de figurante. (to) walk out: salir, retirarse/ declararse en huelga/ marcharse/ abandonar a uno/ dejar plantado a alguien/ plantar a alguien. (to) walk over: atropellar a uno, tratar a uno a coces/ dar una paliza a alguien en algún deporte/ ganar/ ganar la carrera por ser el único caballo que participa. (to) walk through: ensayar por primera vez. (to) walk up: subir a pie

sábado, 25 de julio de 2009

improving your english

English Teacher: J. Humberto Perdomo L.

Activity for improving your English

Our planet



Y ou’ll read about one possible solution to an environmental problem. You’ll also read the story of one international student who is helping our planet. And you’lI write a short essay about your past and future plans.



The Greenhouse Effect an theWomen of Guatemala

Before You Read
Look at the pictures here and write :
1. Why did someone cut down these trees? How will people use these trees?
2. What problem is the factory causing?
3. There are five kinds of energy here. Which kinds of energy do people use in your country?





The following story might Iook long, but you can read it! You can guess the meanings of most new words.

Thc Greenhouse Effcct and the
Women of Guatemala

Most people know something about the greenhouse effect. Factories send gases such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, into the atmosphere, the air around the earth. In the past, this wasn’t a problem because trees absorbed, or drank in, CO2. But now people are cutting down billions of trees in many countries. At the same time, factories are sending more CO2 into the atmosphere. lt’s difficult to believe, but factories put billions of tons of CO2 ¡nto the atmosphere evry year! One ton is 2,000 pounds, so this is a lot of pollution. There is too much CO2, and there aren’t enough trees, so the world is getting warmer. In other words, we have a greenhouse effect. This is terrible for the environment.
What can we do about this? First, we can stop using so much coal and oil. We can learn to use different kinds of energy: the sun, wind, and heat from volcanoes and from inside the earth. Second, instead of cutting down trees, we should plant more trees. One tree can absorb ten pounds of carbon dioxide every year.

ln the past, the mountains of Guatemala, in Central America, were green and thick with beautiful trees. But people cut down trees for houses. Also, many women cook over wood fires. They walk hours every day to look for firewood. There are fewer and fewer trees, and this is bad for the land. Rain washes good soil down the mountains.
Far away from Guatemala, in the state of Connecticut, there is a new factory. The factory uses coal. It will send 400,000 tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. Many people are angry about this. But the factory owners are doing something about it. They are giving two million dollars to the women of Guatemala. The Guatemalans will plant trees in their country. These trees in Central America wiII absorb the carbon dioxide from the factory in Connecticut.
Why Guatemala? Why don’t people in Connecticut plant the trees in Connecticut? The answer is easy. Trees grow much faster in Central
America than in the northern part of the United States.
The trees are good for the earth’s atmosphere. They’re good for Guatemala too. In small towns and villages in Guatemala, most women are poor and have hard lives. Trees help them in three ways. First, the Connecticut factory pays them to plant the trees. Their pay is corn, not money. The corn is food for their children. Second, these women know a lot about their environment. They know where to plant, when to plant, and what kinds of trees to plant. For example, they plant many fruit trees. The fruit gives ttiem vitamins in their families’ diets. Other trees are good for firewood. In a few years, the women won’t spend so much time walking for wood. Third, all these trees are good for the soil. Now rain can’t wash the soil down the mountains so easily.
This plan isn’t enough to stop the grenhouse effect. But it’s a beginning. The women of Guatemala are helping themselves and helping their environment. As one woman says, “We’re planting for our famihies, for our children.”

After You Read

Exercise 1
Circle the number of the main idea of the reading.
1. The greenhouse effect is a problem in the world today.
2.- We should stop using coal and oil and use other kinds of energy.
3. A new U.S. factory is making people angry because it uses coal.
4. Women in Guatemala are planting trees, and these trees are helping the women’s families and the environment.

Exercise 2
Information about the Main Idea
Which information from the reading explains this idea? Write the information in the boxes.

Exercise 3

Read these sentences. If the information is not in the reading, cross out the number. If the information is given, which sentence is it in ? Write the sentence.

1. Trees absorb carbon dioxide. One tree can absorb ten pounds of carbon
dioxice every vear.
2. All trees are beautiful.__________________________________________
3. Trees give people fruit._________________________________________
4. Trees need too much water.______________________________________



5. trees give people food for fires _____________________________________________________________________

6. Trees are good for the land ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

New Words

Exercise 4.
Use these sentences to guess the meanings of the underlined words. Don’t use a dictionary.
1. Factories send gases such as CO2 into the atmosphere. What is one example of a gas? CO2
2. Factories send gases such as CO2 into the atmosphere, the air around the earth.
What is the atmosphere?___________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Trees absorbed, or drank in, CO2.
What does absorb mean? _________________________________________
____________________________________________
4. We should Iearn to use different kinds of energy: the sun, wind, and heat from volcanoes.
What are three examples of energy?_________________________________
_________________________________________
5. There is too much CO2, and there aren’t enough trees, so the world is getting warmer. In other words, we have a greenhouse effect.
What happens in a greenhouse effect?




Making Guesses
Exercise 5
What can you guess from the reading? Circie the letter of the answer.
a. Trees are important.
b. Connecticut is in the western part of the United States.
c. The women of Guatemala are rich now.

Discussing the reading

You are in small groups answer the following topics:

Are there many tress in your neighborhood?
Are there many tress in your city?
What kinds of energy are important in Colombia?
What environmentl problems do you have in your country?


My Change of Mind
When I finished high school back home in Brazil, I took computer
programming classes. I thought, “I can get a good job.” But I wasn’t realiy happy. I wanted to do something very different. I was eighteen years old, but I still needed to grow up. So I came to the United States, to California. My idea was to go to college. I wanted to study computer science. I didn’t speak much English, so I had to go to an adult school to Iearn the language. l’m finishing my second year now. In these two years, my whole life changed.
In California, I wanted to practice listening in English, so I watched a lot of TV programs. I especially liked programs about the environment. My listening got better, but I began to worry about the land, air, water, and animals. I saw dead animals in oil in Alaska. I saw air pollution in many cities. And I learned a lot about my own country. In Brazil, people are cutting down the ram forests. Most of my friends don’t think about the enviroriment. Back home, I never thought about it either.
I began to read more about the environment. I wrote letters to environmental organizations such as Greenpeace and the Sierra Club. They sent me lots of information! Then, on National Beach Cleanup Day, I volunteered to help. They made me the leader of a team of volunteers on Santa Monica Beach. It was hot, dirty, difficult work, but it was exciting. I met some nice people, and that night I was on the TV news!
Next September I’lI start college. I have to do this in English. It won’t be easy, but now English is so much a part of me! I’m making a big change. I’m going to study environmental science. My special area wiII be marine mammals—dolphins, whales, and sea Iions.
When I came to this country, I felt lonely. I cried a lot. Now l’m happy and excited. There I am in the photo next to the seals. l’m going to Start my new life!







After You Read
About the Reading
Exercise 1
Put these actions in the correct order. What happened first, second, third, and so on the lines.
Write numbers on the lines.
_____ She came to the United States.
_____ She wanted to practice listening in English, so she watched TV.
_____She finished high school.
_____ She’ll start college.
She volunteered to help on National Beach Cleanup Day.
_____ She wrote letters to environmental organizations.

Outlining and Note Taking
You can understand and remember a the reading better if you take notes. One way is to write the main idea and sorne information about the main idea in an outline. There are different kinds of outlines. Here’s one. Finish this outline. (You’ll need to look back at the reading my change of mind.) Don’t worry about complete sentences. The smaaller circles are for information about the larger circles.







Writing activity
read about one student who made a big change in her life. Write a letter to your teacher about something that changed your life.

Building Vocabulary

Complete these sentences. Circle the letters of the answers. There is one answer for each blank.
1. He comes from my______
a. Connecticut
b. northern
c. ton
d. hometown
2. Let’s go______
a. camping
b. boring
c. exciting
d. interesting
3. She wants to study______
a. museum
b. factory
c. rain forest
d. environmental science
4. They ____sorne weight.
a. gained
b. sent
c. stopped
d. followed
5. We use ____for energy.
a. ton
b. soil
c. oil
d. mountains

write the answers about the following questions :
1. Do you match TV? Does it help your English?
2. Do you write e- mails in English? To whom? Have you written any letters in English to organizations?
3. How can you meet new people? Tel about two ways.




A. In Colombia, many things are in our garbage. Look at the pie chart below and answer the questions.


1. What is a larger percentage of our garbage, newspapers or plastic bottles? Newsppers are Iarger percentage of our garbge.
2. What is a larger percentage of our garbage, yard waste or tin cans? _____________________
________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is a larger percentage of our garbage, glass or plastic bottles?
________________________________________
________________________________________
Fill in the blanks.
4. Metal cans and other metais are 8.7 percent of our trash.
5. Grass clippings and other yard wastes are _________ percent of our trash.
6. Food waste is _________ percent of our trash.

B. Think about how you feelnow and what your plans are. Do you feel the same? Have your plans changad? Write about how you feel now and what your plans for the future are. Again, these are just notes. Don’t worry about spelling or grammar.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. When you are writiing about the past , remember to use past- tense verbs. When you are writing about the future, remember to use a future tense. Each of these sentences has one verb in the wrong tense. Correct the verbs and write the corrected sentences on the lines:
1. When I come here two years ago, i was nervous


2. Next year I finish the collage.



3. Last year I don’t speak English well


4. When I finish collage, I work in this city.

miércoles, 22 de julio de 2009

subjunctive mood.

La conjugación del verbo en modo subjuntivo tiene un uso muy escaso en inglés, limitado prácticamente a algunas formas del verbo 'to be', to have, to love.

El modo subjuntivo se identifica usualmente con las voces IF y WERE en las frases que se refieren a situaciones supuestas o contrarias a los hechos:If he were you, he would not go.Si él fuera usted (él) no iría.
I wish I were in your place.Yo quisiera estar en su lugar.If you were here, you would do the same.Si ustedes estuvieran aquí harían lo mismo.

Nota: Fíjese bien como WERE se usa en modo subjuntivo con todas las personas, incluyendo la tercera.
Escribe ahora las formas subjuntivas en presente y pasado de los verbos
To have to love

Escribe 10 ejercicios fraseológicos usando el modo subjuntivo en presente y pasado.

zero conditional

Este condicional refiere a una situación que es siempre verdadera (verdades universales):

Escribe en español 10 situaciones de condición que sean verdaderas, redactalas luego en ingles.


If + Present tense / Present tense

Siguiendo la estrutura gramatical del concional cero escriba 10 ejemplos en ingles con sentido completo.

Ahora utilizando lo anterior redacta un párrafo de 15 renglones con un tema en particular teniendo en cuenta los condicionales escritos por Usted en el ejercicio.

pronombres reflexivos

tema: Pronombres reflexivos (Reflexive pronouns)
1 Seleccione el pronombre correcto:

1. You have to do it ________. yourself myself
2. The police officers couldn't do it ________. himself themselves
3. Why can't she tell me ________ . herself himself
4. You only think about ________. herself yourself
5. I have to learn to respect ________. myself yourself
6. I can't see ________ doing that. himself myself
7. We have got to do this ________. themselves ourselves
8. The mayor said he would take care of it ________. itself himself
9. The problem is not going to fix ________. itself himself10. The flowers are not going to water ________ . itself themselves

tema: Pronombres: Reflexivo o Objetivo? 2 EJEMPLO: Pronombre reflexivo: "I love myself"Pronombre de objeto: "He loves me" Elige la respuesta correcta:

1. They wanted to do it ________. themselves them
2. He broke his leg so he cannot dress ________. him himself
3. I hurt ________ playing hockey. me myself
4. My father cut ________ shaving. himself him
5. I love spending time with ________. her herself
6. If you don't believe me, try it ________! you yourself
7. He got ________ in trouble. himself him
8. She helped ________ find a job. myself me
9. I don't know anything about ________. himself him
10. I blame ________ for the accident. myself me
Final del formulario

lista verbos irregulares

Infinitive
Past Simple

1. Realiza una sopa con los siguientes verbos en ingles ,subraya cada uno con un color diferente y 2. organiza en un cuadro cada verbo teniendo en cuenta el presente , pasado y su correspondiente traducción
Be ser/estar
Was/were
Begín empezar
Began
Break romper
Broke
Bring traer
Brought
Build construir
Built
Buy comprar
Bought
Catch coger
Caught
Choose eligir
Chose
Cost costar
Cost
Cut cortar
Cut
Do hacer
Did
Draw dibujar
Drew
Drink beber
Drank
Drive conducir
Drove
Eat comer
Ate
Fall caer
Fell
Feel sentir
Felt
Find encontrar
Felt
Fly volar
Flew
Forget olvidar
Forgot
Get coger/tener
Got
Give dar
Gave
Go ir
Went
Grow crecer
Grew
Have tener
Had
Hear oir
Heard
Keep guardar
Kept
Know saber
Knew
Let dejar
Let
Lose perder
Lost
Make hacer
Made
Mean significar
Meant
Meet encontrar
Met
Pay pagar
Paid
Put poner
Put
Read leer
Read
Ring llamar
Rang
Rise subir
Rose
Say decir
Said
See ver
Saw
Show mostrar
Showed
Sing cantar
Sang
Sell vender
Sold
Send enviar
Sent
Shut cerrar
Shut
Sit sentarse
Sat
Sleep dormir
Slept
Spend gastar/pasar
Spent
Swim nadar
Swam
Take tomar
Took
Teach enseñar
Taught
Tell decir
Told
Understand entender
Understood
Wake despertarse
Woke
Wear llevar
Wore
Win ganar
Won
Write escribir
Wrote

adjetivos comparativos y superlativos

tema: Adjetivos Comparativos y Superlativos
1 Completa con el adjetivo comparativo o superlativo de cada palabra. (Ejemplo: good --> better o good --> best)
Principio del formulario
1. GOOD ---> _________---> best
2. OLD ---> ________---> oldest
3. HAPPY ---> happier ---> ___________
4. NICE ---> _________---> nicest
5. SAD ---> sadder ---> _________
6. SILLY ---> sillier ---> __________
7. FAT ---> ___________---> fattest
8. EASY ---> easier ---> __________
9. BAD ---> ___________---> worst
10. LAZY ---> lazier ---> ______________


tema: Adjetivos Comparativos 2 Adjetivos Comparativos - ¿Cual es correcto? (Haz click sobre "Answer" despues de cada frase para ver la respuesta correcta):
Principio del formulario
1. This is _________. a) more important b) importanter________________
2. Is your brother _________ than you? a) more young b) younger____________________
3. Let's do one of the _________ exercises. a) more new b) newer___________________
4. Larry is a good dancer, but Martin is _________. a) more better b) better______________________
5. Do you have anything _________? a) more cheap b) cheaper______________________
6. Can you meet me _________? a) more early b) earlier____________________
7. Our dog is _________ than your dog. a) more nice b) nicer_________________
8. I think this is _________. a) more probable b) probabler____________________
9. This situation is _________ than the last one. a) more serious b) seriouser_______________________
10. He is _________ than his brother. a) more lazy b) lazier

verbos regulares

tema: Pronombres reflexivos (Reflexive pronouns) 1 Seleccione el pronombre correcto:

1. You have to do it ________. yourself myself
2. The police officers couldn't do it ________. himself themselves
3. Why can't she tell me ________ . herself himself
4. You only think about ________. herself yourself
5. I have to learn to respect ________. myself yourself
6. I can't see ________ doing that. himself myself
7. We have got to do this ________. themselves ourselves
8. The mayor said he would take care of it ________. itself himself
9. The problem is not going to fix ________. itself himself10. The flowers are not going to water ________ . itself themselves

tema: Pronombres: Reflexivo o Objetivo? 2 EJEMPLO: Pronombre reflexivo: "I love myself"Pronombre de objeto: "He loves me" Elige la respuesta correcta:

1. They wanted to do it ________. themselves them
2. He broke his leg so he cannot dress ________. him himself
3. I hurt ________ playing hockey. me myself
4. My father cut ________ shaving. himself him
5. I love spending time with ________. her herself
6. If you don't believe me, try it ________! you yourself
7. He got ________ in trouble. himself him
8. She helped ________ find a job. myself me
9. I don't know anything about ________. himself him10. I blame ________ for the accident. myself me


Final del formulario

martes, 14 de julio de 2009

participle form 10

Write the participle form of the following verbs.
go →
sing →
be →
buy →
do →
Complete the table in present perfect simple.
positive
negative
question
He has written a letter.
They have not stopped.
Have we danced?
She has worked.
Andy has not slept.
Write sentences in present perfect simple.
they / ask / a question -
he / speak / English -
I / be / in my room -
we / not / wash / the car -
Annie / not / forget / her homework

since - if the starting point is given (two o'clock, last Friday, 1998)- for - if the period of time is given (twenty minutes, two days, one year)
Decide whether to use »since« or »for«.
I have been waiting 4 o'clock.
Sue has only been waiting 20 minutes.
Tim and Tina have been learning English six years.
Fred and Frida have been learning French 1998.
Joe and Josephine have been going out together Valentine's Day.
I haven't been on holiday last July.
Mary has been saving her money many years.
I haven't eaten anything breakfast.
You have been watching TV hours.
We have been living here 2 months.
Con respuestas

I have been waiting (Your answer: »for«) sinceUse since if the starting point is given. 4 o'clock.
Sue has only been waiting forUse for if the period of time is given. 20 minutes.
Tim and Tina have been learning English forUse for if the period of time is given. six years.
Fred and Frida have been learning French sinceUse since if the starting point is given. 1998.
Joe and Josephine have been going out together sinceUse since if the starting point is given. Valentine's Day.
I haven't been on holiday sinceUse since if the starting point is given. last July.
Mary has been saving her money forUse for if the period of time is given. many years.
I haven't eaten anything sinceUse since if the starting point is given. breakfast.
You have been watching TV forUse for if the period of time is given. hours.
We have been living here forWUse for if the period of time is given. 2 months.



Language in context
Over the last twenty years, the average size of households has fallen dramatically. The number of one person households has grown, due largely to the ageing of the population, as has the number of one parent families. Couples having smaller families have also contributed to the fall in household size.
In 1976, 60% of families were couples with children. By 1996, this had fallen to 51%. Part of this change can be attributed to the increase in one parent families with dependent children, but most of the change is due to the increase in the proportion of couple only families. People are now having children later in life, and are living longer. Therefore, they are spending more time living in couple-only families, both before they have families and after their children have left home.
However, children are leaving home later. In 1981, 34% of children aged 20-24 lived with their parents. By 1991, this had increased to 40%. This increase has, to some extent, countered the fall in the couples with non-dependent children only.
(Source: ABS Yearbook Australia 1997, Number 79, p. 81)
There are five present perfect verbs in the 'Language in context' passage above.
First present perfect tense verb: has fallen
Type the four remaining present perfect verbs into the boxes below. Check your answers as you go.
Second present perfect tense verb:
Enter your answer:
Correct answer: has grown
Third present perfect tense:
Enter your answer:
Fourth present perfect tense verb:
Enter your answer:
Fifth present perfect tense verb:
Enter your answer:
Language in context
The general manager, William Benson, has recently become aware of personnel problems in the Production Department and feels that he should intervene. The new production manager, Gary Johnson, has, over the last year, made a number of changes to work rosters and division of responsibilities. Although productivity in the Department has improved, many employees are dissatisfied with the new arrangements and several of them have resigned.
There are four present perfect verbs in the passage above.
Type each present perfect verb into its corresponding box below. Check your answer, then scroll to the next question.
First present perfect verb:
Enter your answer:
Correct answer: has become
Second present perfect verb:
Enter your answer:
Correct answer: has made
Third present perfect verb:
Enter your answer:
Fourth present perfect verb:
Enter your answer:
Correct answer: have resigned

uso de should10

Realiza el ejercicio con frases utilizando should para dar consejos o recomendaciones
1.You are very fat
2. Please, we are in the church;
3. I want to buy a new house
4. You cannot go out with your friends
5. The doctor is very worried about my dad
6. You will have exams in two weeks
7. The weather is really nice
8. I'm fed up with my job.
9. I don't get on at all well with my boss
10. I'm pretty sure that our biggest customer is in financial trouble
11. The Internet is the future but it's a mystery to me.
12. Andrew needs to speak German by the end of the year.
13. Our major problem is that we don't have enough customers.
14. Harry doesn't feel he has got a future with the company
15. I've been offered a job in Indonesia but I've never lived outside Europe.
16. I´ve got a headache
17. I´ve forgotten my books
18. My back hurts
19. The house is very untidy
20. I've got toothache
21. I have a stomachache
22. I have a fever
23. Our car is broken down
24. I feel tired.
25. I’m putting a little weight on.
26. He doesn’t talk to me and I don’t know why.

text interpretation 10

Level 10
English Teacher: J. Humberto Perdomo L.
Read the following history and then do the exercises which follow.
What a family.
Fernanda had been planning her garden party for weeks. It was going to be a grand affair because the ambassador of Kampurtala had been invited. She had been so busy sending invitations to her husband’s fiends and phoning all her relatives, that she had asked Joe and the children to help her to organize the party. She had even given them a list of things to do and had written one for herself.
The great day came. Fernanda was very happy . By one o’clock all the guests had arrived. But where was the food? And the Orchestra ? and the chairs? The windows were dirty! The dogs were barking everywhere! Fernanda suddenly realized they had forgotten to do many things.
Fernanda’s list

Bake cake
Order pizza
Write note for milkman.
Borrow Cds.
Tell Mary to bring fruit!

Mary’s list
Wash windows
Cook turkey
Set table
Prepare salad
Make sandwiches.


Peter’s list
Cut the grass
Lock the dogs in
Get ice
Clean swimming pool.

Say why the party was a disaster:
1. Make statements like this:
The party was a disaster because_
Fernanda had not baked the cake.
2. Ask and answer questions
Like these:
a. Why was the party a disaster?
b. What hadn’t Mary done?
c. Had Peter cut the grass?

test adjectives

Institución educativa Santa Teresita
Estudiante__________________________
Profesor:_________________________________________
Usando las siguientes pistas escribe oraciones con going to.
1. (you / run / in the race)______________________________
2. (they / climb / that mountain)_________________________
3. (she / exercise / at the gym / in the afternoon)__________________________________
4. (you / carry / that heavy box)__________________________________________
5. (we / eat / fish / tonight)______________________________________________
6. (he / play football / tomorrow)_____________________________________________
7. (Lucy / call / a taxi)_______________________________________________________
8. (you / sing / a song / for us)________________________________________________
B.Put in the verbs in brackets into the spaces. Use the going to-future
Example: ___ they __________ a football for Peter? (to buy)Answer: Are they going to buy a football for Peter?

1) She___________________to the stadium. (not/to walk)
2) ______________you _____________to London? (to fly)
3) John__________anything (not / to eat)
4) Angela____________a week in Poland. (to spend)

Escribe los superlativos de :
1.What is the superlative of "deep"?
a._____deeper
b._____deepest
c______deeppest
2.What is the superlative of "ugly"?
a.___uglier
b.___uggliest
c.____uglyest
d.____ugliest
3. What is the superlative of "small"?
a._____smallier
b._____smaller
c._____smalliest
d._____smallest

comparative and superlative

Forming Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
One-syllable adjectives.
Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative.
One-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
tall
taller
tallest
old
older
oldest
long
longer
longest
Mary is taller than Max.
Mary is the tallest of all the students.
Max is older than John.
Of the three students, Max is the oldest.
My hair is longer than your hair.
Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
large
larger
largest
wise
wiser
wisest
Mary's car is larger than Max's car.
Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block.
Max is wiser than his brother.
Max is the wisest person I know.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
big
bigger
biggest
thin
thinner
thinnest
fat
fatter
fattest
My dog is bigger than your dog.
My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood.
Max is thinner than John.
Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest.
My mother is fatter than your mother.
Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen.
Two-syllable adjectives.
With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Two-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
peaceful
more peaceful
most peaceful
pleasant
more pleasant
most pleasant
careful
more careful
most careful
thoughtful
more thoughtful
most thoughtful
This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning.
Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world.
Max is more careful than Mike.
Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful.
Jill is more thoughtful than your sister.
Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met.
If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est.
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
happy
happier
happiest
angry
angrier
angriest
busy
busier
busiest
John is happier today than he was yesterday.
John is the happiest boy in the world.
Max is angrier than Mary.
Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest.
Mary is busier than Max.
Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms.
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or -ow
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
narrow
narrower
narrowest
gentle
gentler
gentlest
The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city.
This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California.
Big dogs are gentler than small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.
Adjectives with three or more syllables.
For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Adjective with Three or More Syllables
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
generous
more generous
most generous
important
more important
most important
intelligent
more intelligent
most intelligent
John is more generous than Jack.
John is the most generous of all the people I know.
Health is more important than money.
Of all the people I know, Max is the most important.
Women are more intelligent than men.
Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met.
Exceptions.
Irregular adjectives.
Irregular Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
good
better
best
bad
worse
worst
far
farther
farthest
little
less
least
many
more
most
Italian food is better than American food.
My dog is the best dog in the world.
My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking.
Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most.
Two-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
clever
cleverer
cleverest
clever
more clever
most clever
gentle
gentler
gentlest
gentle
more gentle
most gentle
friendly
friendlier
friendliest
friendly
more friendly
most friendly
quiet
quieter
quietest
quiet
more quiet
most quiet
simple
simpler
simplest
simple
more simple
most simple
Big dogs are gentler than small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.
Big dogs are more gentle than small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle.


CLASES DE COMPARACIÓN
-COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD
Se forma con el adjetivo intercalado entre la construcción "as...as" (tan...como) para frases afirmativas e interrogativas y "not as...as" o "not so...as" para las frases negativas.
I'm as young as you / soy tan joven como túam I as young as you? / ¿soy tan joven como tú?I'm not so young as you / no soy tan joven como tú
Podemos emplear tras el segundo 'as' el pronombre en caso nominativo o acusativo (He, his; She, her...)
He is as young as she; He is as young as her / Él es tan joven como ella
Si se trata de una comparación entre dos verbos, podemos usar la expresión "as much as" (tanto como) también en forma negativa
She does not work as much as she should / Ella no trabaja tanto como debería
Cuando la comparación se hace entre dos sustantivos se utiliza "as much as" para el singular y "as many as" para el plural.
I have as much work as my boss / Tengo tanto trabajo como mi jefeI have as many pencils as you / Tengo tantos lápices como tú
Si estamos comparando dos sustantivos contables (libros, coches, casas...) utilizaremos "as many... as", pero si estamos comparando dos sustantivos incontables (madera, tiempo, música...) usaremos la construcción "as much...as".
We have as many books as them / Tenemos tantos libros como ellosWe have as much space as them / Tenemos tanto espacio como ellos
- COMPARATIVO DE INFERIORIDAD
Se forma con el adjetivo intercalado entre la construcción "less...than" (menos...que), aunque es más usual encontrar la comparación de igualdad en forma negativa (que tiene el mismo significado).
He's less young than you / Él es menos joven que túHe's not as young as you / Él no es tan joven como tú (más usual)
Normalmente se emplea less para incontables y fewer para contables
- COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDAD
Se forma de dos modos:
Añadiendo al adjetivo el sufijo -er para el comparativo de superioridad y -est para el superlativo.
=
+ er
+ est
big (grande)
bigger (más grande)
biggest (el más grande)
Anteponiendo la palabra more (más) para el comparativo de superioridad y "the most" para el superlativo
intelligent / inteligentemore intelligent / más inteligentethe most intelligent / el más inteligente
Los adjetivos de una sola sílaba forman el comparativo y el superlativo con -er y -est
old, older, the oldest / viejonew, newer, the newest / nuevodark, darker, the darkest / oscuro
Los de dos sílabas que terminan en er, y, le y ow y los que tienen el acento (prosódico) en la última sílaba forman también el comparativo y el superlativo con -er y -est
clever, cleverer, the cleverest / listoidle, idler, the idlest / perezosohappy, happier, the happiest / feliznarrow, narrower, the narrowest / estrecho
El resto de adjetivos de dos sílabas y todos los de tres o más forman el comparativo con more y el superlativo con most.
interesting, more interesting, the most interesting / interesante
COMPARATIVOS Y SUPERLATIVOS IRREGULARES
Algunos adjetivos forman el comparativo de manera irregular
good, better, the best / bueno, mejor, el mejorbad, worse, the worst / malo, peor, el peorfar, further, the furthest / lejano, más lejano, el más lejano
CONSIDERACIONES
- Cuando un adjetivo termina en e solamente añade -r y -st para el comparativo y superlativo.
large, larger, the largest / grande, más grande, el más grande
- Cuando terminan en consonante + y cambian la y por i
easy, easier, the easiest / fácil
- Si termina en una sola consonante prededida de una sola vocal, duplica la consonante
big, bigger, the biggest / grande
- El segundo término de la comparación utiliza la forma than que corresponde al que español.
He is taller than his brother / Él es más alto que su hermano
- Cuando la comparación se realiza entre dos adjetivos se usa more.
She is more funny than happy / Ella es más alegre que feliz
- La expresión española "cada vez más" equivale en inglés a los dos comparativos del adjetivo.
The film is becoming more and more interesting / La película se vuelve cada vez más interesan
Escribe el comparativo
Ej. small - smaller1. good 2. intelligent 3. old 4. dark 5. bad 6. large 7. narrow 8. new 9. easy 10. funny
Escribe frases que signifiquen lo mismo usando ‘as………as’.Ej. A Porsche is faster than a Skoda. – A Skoda isn’t as fast as a Porsche.1. Football is more popular than cricket in Spain. Cricket isn’t 2. I work harder than you.3. My car’s newer than yours.4. His watch is more expensive than hers.5. Your flat’s nicer than ours.6. Paris is colder than Casablanca.

chinchina and other municipalities

Chinchiná is a municipality located in the department of Caldas southwest of Manizales.

Districts of Caldas
Caldas have 6 Districts:
Central Southern District
Manizales (capital)
Chinchina
Neira
Palestina
Villamaría
Lower Western District
Anserma (Capital)
Belalcazar
Risaralda
San José
Viterbo

Upper Western District
Supía (Capital)
Filadelfia
La Merced
Marmato
Riosucio
Northern District
Aguadas
Aranzazu
Pacora
Salamina
Upper Eastern District
Manzanares
Marquetalia
Marulanda
Pensilvania
Magdalena Caldense District
La Dorada (Capital)
Norcasia
Samaná
Victoria

present perfect

INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA SANTA TERESITA
Teacher: J. Humberto Perdomo L. Student: _________________________________
Sustentación Escrita de lo aprendido con la forma present perfect in English
Cambia las siguientes frases al ‘present perfect’ con un significado poniendo el verbo entre paréntesis. Sigue el ejemplo.Luis a new computer (have) Luis has bought a new computer1. I the report. (finish) __________________________________________________2. Angeles her keys. (not find) _____________________________________________3. Have you Ruben? (be) ___________________________________________________4. I a new camera. (buy) _____________________________________________________5. The secretary lunch. (not be) ______________________________________________6. We the bedroom . (clean) __________________________________________________7. I’m sorry, I your name. (forgot) ________________________________________________8. Figo his leg. (break) _________________________________________________________9. Carolyn a baby. (have) _______________________________________________________10. The Pope (die) ______________________________________________________________
El ‘present perfect simple’ conecta / une el pasado y el presente de una manera parecida al pretérito perfecto en español. Si decimos que algo ha ocurrido ('has happened'), pensamos del pasado y del presente a la vez como si hiciésemos un puente del pasado al presente
Use the present perfect in the following activity:
1) Karen _________me an e-mail. (to send)
2) Dave and Pat____________the museum. (to visit)
3) I _______at the pet shop. (to be)
4) Marcus__________an accident. (to have)
5) Lisa and Colin____________to a concert. (to go)
6) My friends___________smoking. (to give up)
En el siguiente texto identifica el presente perfecto subrayándolo
Over the last twenty years, the average size of households has fallen dramatically. The number of one person households has grown, due largely to the ageing of the population, as has the number of one parent families. Couples having smaller families have also contributed to the fall in household size.
In 1976, 60% of families were couples with children. By 1996, this had fallen to 51%. Part of this change can be attributed to the increase in one parent families with dependent children, but most of the change is due to the increase in the proportion of couple only families. People are now having children later in life, and are living longer. Therefore, they are spending more time living in couple-only families, both before they have families and after their children have left home.
However, children are leaving home later. In 1981, 34% of children aged 20-24 lived with their parents. By 1991, this had increased to 40%. This increase has, to some extent, countered the fall in the couples with non-dependent children only.
(Source: ABS Yearbook Australia 1997, Number 79, p. 81)
Use since or for
Eliana Has been in Manizales______ two hours
Fred and Lina have been learning English ______ 2007
I haven’t been in holiday ________ last June
You have been watching TV. ______ yesterday

jueves, 9 de julio de 2009

conjuctions











write a little composition using theconjuctions; look at the pictures




comparative and superlative






Write sentences withcomparatives and superlatives using the pictures

Welcome

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